![]() Indeed, these were the results of the pioneering works of Professor Darrell Reneker for the introduction, rediscovery, and popularization of the art of electrospinning. It is the fiber diameter that determines the performance characteristics, processibility, and practicability of the fibrous structures destined to various applications. In addition, they have also been widely employed in textile industries and in aerospace engineering for reinforced clothing. The materials with such characteristics are preferred as a robust candidate for much advanced applications pertaining to tissue engineering, drug delivery and sensors. ![]() The outstanding features that make them unique from other nanomaterials are their high surface area to volume ratio, flexibility, mechanical strength, and high porosity. Among various nanomaterials, nanofibers have gained popularity as for its wide application is concerned. Such fine tuning in the properties has given rise to materials of zero-dimensional characteristics that include nanoparticles or quantum dots one-dimensional nanowires, nanorods, nanofibers, and nanotubes two-dimensional nanosheets and nanofilms and three-dimensional forms mostly comprising bundles or dispersions of several nanomaterials. The evolution of nanotechnology in the recent years has provided novel approaches in restructuring materials conferring magnificent physical, chemical, and optochemical properties. With this rapidly emerging technology, there would be a great demand pertaining to scalability and environmental challenge toward tissue engineering applications. Further, highlights on the application of nanofibers in tissue engineering and the commercialized products developed using nanofiber technology have been summed up. Simultaneously, discussion on the production of nanofibers with diversified feed materials such as polymers, small molecules, colloids, and nanoparticles and its transformation into a powerful technology has been dealt with. To begin with, evolution of electrospinning and its typical apparatus have been briefed. This review aims to provide an overview of electrospinning, principle, methods, feed materials, and applications toward tissue engineering. Their relative ease in use, simplicity, functionality and diversity has surpassed the pitfalls encountered with the conventional method of generating fibers. One of the emerging technologies of the recent times harboring nanotechnology to fabricate nanofibers for various biomedical and environmental applications are electrospinning (nanofiber technology).
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